{"id":5264,"date":"2025-11-25T07:45:08","date_gmt":"2025-11-25T07:45:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/?p=5264"},"modified":"2026-02-17T15:51:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T15:51:12","slug":"ii-amenemhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/ii-amenemhat\/","title":{"rendered":"II. Amenemhat"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00fck\u00fcm S\u00fcresi: M.\u00d6. 1929 \u2013 1895 (Yakla\u015f\u0131k 34-35 Y\u0131l – \u0130lk 2 y\u0131l\u0131 babas\u0131yla ortakt\u0131r). Taht \u0130smi (Praenomen): Nubkaure (“Ra’n\u0131n Ruhlar\u0131 <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131nd\u0131r”). Horus \u0130smi: Heken-Maat (“Ma’at’tan Memnun Olan”).<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tarih ve Efsane <\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Amenemhat II d\u00f6nemi, askeri fetihlerden \u00e7ok, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyayla kurdu\u011fu ekonomik a\u011flarla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6neme dair en \u00f6nemli bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131, Memphis’te (Mit Rahina) bulunan ve daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde dev\u015firme ta\u015f olarak kullan\u0131lan Amenemhat II Y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131 (Annals) fragmanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yaz\u0131tlar, M\u0131s\u0131r tarihinde o g\u00fcne kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir detayda “g\u00fcnl\u00fck devlet kay\u0131tlar\u0131” sunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ticaret ve Vergi:<\/em> Tap\u0131naklara yap\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, Asya’dan (Levant) ve Nubya’dan gelen vergiler kalem kalem listelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l Diplomasi:<\/em> Metinlerde “Asya’n\u0131n yok edilmesi” gibi klasik askeri propagandalar yerine, Suriye ve Filistin \u015fehirlerinden gelen el\u00e7ilerin (t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n) hediyelerle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu, “Pax Aegyptiaca”n\u0131n (M\u0131s\u0131r Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131) zirvesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tod Hazinesi (The Tod Treasure)<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Amenemhat II’nin uluslararas\u0131 ticaret a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n somut kan\u0131t\u0131, 1936’da Fernand Bisson de la Roque taraf\u0131ndan Luksor yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Tod Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131n temellerinde bulunan d\u00f6rt bronz sand\u0131kt\u0131r. Sand\u0131klar\u0131n i\u00e7inden M\u0131s\u0131r stili olmayan, tamamen yabanc\u0131 k\u00f6kenli objeler \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Girit (Minos) uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f kaplar (Kamares stili), Lapis lazuli silindir m\u00fch\u00fcrler (Ur III Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemi stili) ve Babil k\u00f6kenli muskalar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu hazine, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan kopuk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aksine Do\u011fu Akdeniz, Ege ve Mezopotamya ile entegre bir Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcresel Ekonomisinin merkezinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlar. II. Amenemhat, bu a\u011f\u0131n y\u00f6neticisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Beyaz Piramit<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Amenemhat II, dedesi ve babas\u0131n\u0131n mezar yeri olan Lisht’i terk etmi\u015f ve piramidini Dah\u015fur<\/strong> (Dashur) b\u00f6lgesine in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piramidin \u00e7ekirde\u011fi kum ve moloz yerine, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 bloklardan \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f radyal duvarlarla desteklenmi\u015f ve aras\u0131 kumla doldurulmu\u015ftur. D\u0131\u015f kaplamas\u0131 beyaz Tura kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ismi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antik \u00e7a\u011fda kaplama ta\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u00e7 dolgu malzemesi (kum ve kil) erozyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve yap\u0131 tamamen \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn sadece amorf bir tepe g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Prenseslerin Hazinesi<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Beyaz Piramit’in mimarisi \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f olsa da, piramit kompleksi i\u00e7inde bulunan prenses mezarlar\u0131 (Ita ve Khnumet), M\u0131s\u0131r kuyumculuk sanat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Prenses Khnumet ve Ita Amenemhat II’nin k\u0131zlar\u0131d\u0131r. Mezarlar\u0131 soyulmam\u0131\u015f halde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bulunan ta\u00e7lar (diadem), kolyeler ve bilezikler, Orta Krall\u0131k kuyumculu\u011funun teknik olarak Yeni Krall\u0131k’tan (\u00f6rne\u011fin Tutankhamun) bile daha ince ve zarif (cloisonn\u00e9 tekni\u011fi) oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Alt\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi o kadar hassast\u0131r ki, modern kuyumcular bile taklit etmekte zorlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00f6netim ve Veraset<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Amenemhat babas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ortak Saltanat gelene\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve saltanat\u0131n\u0131n son 3 y\u0131l\u0131nda o\u011flu II. Senusret’i tahta ortak etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nomarch’lar (Valiler)<\/strong> Bu d\u00f6nemde yerel valilerin g\u00fcc\u00fc devam etse de, kraliyet saray\u0131 ile uyumlu ve sad\u0131k bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7indedirler. Beni Hasan’daki \u00fcnl\u00fc soylu mezarlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin II. Khnumhotep), bu d\u00f6nemin refah\u0131n\u0131 ve krala olan sadakati yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00fck\u00fcm S\u00fcresi: M.\u00d6. 1929 \u2013 1895 (Yakla\u015f\u0131k 34-35 Y\u0131l – \u0130lk 2 y\u0131l\u0131 babas\u0131yla ortakt\u0131r). Taht \u0130smi (Praenomen): Nubkaure (“Ra’n\u0131n Ruhlar\u0131 Alt\u0131nd\u0131r”). Horus \u0130smi: Heken-Maat (“Ma’at’tan Memnun Olan”). Tarih ve Efsane Amenemhat II d\u00f6nemi, askeri fetihlerden \u00e7ok, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyayla kurdu\u011fu ekonomik a\u011flarla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6neme dair en \u00f6nemli bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131, Memphis’te (Mit Rahina) bulunan … <\/p>\n

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Taht \u0130smi (Praenomen): Nubkaure (“Ra’n\u0131n Ruhlar\u0131 Alt\u0131nd\u0131r”). Horus \u0130smi: Heken-Maat (“Ma’at’tan Memnun Olan”). Tarih ve Efsane Amenemhat II d\u00f6nemi, askeri fetihlerden \u00e7ok, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyayla kurdu\u011fu ekonomik a\u011flarla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6neme dair en \u00f6nemli bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131, Memphis’te (Mit Rahina) bulunan…","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5264"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5938,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5264\/revisions\/5938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}