{"id":1535,"date":"2025-07-16T15:20:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-16T12:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egyptologytr.wordpress.com\/?p=1535"},"modified":"2026-02-23T11:55:07","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T11:55:07","slug":"sahure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egyptologyencyclopedia.org\/de\/sahure\/","title":{"rendered":"Sahure"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00fck\u00fcm S\u00fcresi: M.\u00d6. 2487 civar\u0131 (5. Hanedanl\u0131k) \u2013 Yakla\u015f\u0131k 12-13 Y\u0131l. Unvanlar: Sahure (“Ra’n\u0131n Yan\u0131na Ula\u015fan”), Nebkhau (“G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc Alt\u0131n Olan”), \u0130ki Diyar\u0131n Kral\u0131.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarih ve Efsane <\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure, babas\u0131 (veya selefi) Userkaf’\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra tahta \u00e7\u0131kan ve 5. Hanedanl\u0131k’\u0131n en \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kabul edilen firavundur. Onun d\u00f6nemi, M\u0131s\u0131r mimarisinde “Giza Devleri”nden (k\u00fctlesel b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck) vazge\u00e7ilip, **”Abusir Zarafeti”**ne (dekoratif incelik ve tap\u0131nak kompleksi) ge\u00e7ilen d\u00f6nemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahure, piramitlerin boyutunu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltm\u00fc\u015f ancak tap\u0131nak duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r tarihinin o g\u00fcne kadarki en detayl\u0131 ve renkli kabartmalar\u0131yla (r\u00f6lyef) s\u00fcslemi\u015ftir. O, kaba kuvvetin de\u011fil, inceli\u011fin ve ticaretin kral\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6keni ve Ailesi<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure’nin soyu, hanedan ge\u00e7i\u015flerindeki o kritik “ana krali\u00e7e” fig\u00fcr\u00fcne dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ebeveynleri:<\/strong> Babas\u0131n\u0131n Userkaf, annesinin ise Krali\u00e7e Neferhetepes<\/strong> oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ancak baz\u0131 teoriler, onun 4. Hanedanl\u0131k ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan Krali\u00e7e Khentkaus I<\/strong>‘in o\u011flu oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. Sahure, Khentkaus I i\u00e7in Giza’da devasa bir mezar yapt\u0131rarak ona “Kral Annesi” onurunu vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u015fi ve \u00c7ocuklar\u0131:<\/strong> Ba\u015f e\u015fi Krali\u00e7e Neferetnebty<\/strong>‘dir. \u0130simleri piramit kompleksinde yan yana yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Saltanat Y\u0131llar\u0131<\/strong><\/mark><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure’nin saltanat\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya en \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerden biridir. Palermo Ta\u015f\u0131’nda bu d\u00f6nem “bolluk ve bereket y\u0131llar\u0131” olarak ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Efsanevi Punt Seferi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure, M\u0131s\u0131r tarihinde kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015f ilk Punt Seferi’ni<\/strong> (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Somali\/Eritre k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131) d\u00fczenleyen krald\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Getirilenler:<\/strong> K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderilen gemiler; 80.000 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc m\u00fcr (t\u00fcts\u00fc), 6.000 birim elektrum (alt\u0131n-g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131) ve 2.600 adet de\u011ferli odun ile geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n egzotik l\u00fckse ula\u015fma kapasitesini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Akdeniz ve L\u00fcbnan Ticareti<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure’nin tap\u0131nak duvarlar\u0131nda, tarihin bilinen ilk a\u00e7\u0131k deniz filosunun<\/strong> tasviri bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahure Gemileri:<\/strong> Bu gemiler, L\u00fcbnan’dan sedir a\u011fac\u0131 ve “Asyal\u0131 Tutsaklar” (muhtemelen i\u015f\u00e7i olarak) getirmek i\u00e7in Akdeniz’e a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gemilerin tasar\u0131m\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n denizcilik teknolojisinde ne kadar ileri gitti\u011fini kan\u0131tlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mar Faaliyetleri<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure, mezar yeri olarak atalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Sakkara veya Giza’y\u0131 de\u011fil, daha kuzeydeki Abusir<\/strong> b\u00f6lgesini se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. O, Abusir’i “G\u00fcne\u015f Krallar\u0131”n\u0131n mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren ilk ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahure Piramidi (Ruhun Y\u00fckseli\u015fi):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yap\u0131:<\/em> Piramit, Giza’dakilere k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr (Taban: 78m, Y\u00fckseklik: 47m). \u0130n\u015faat kalitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (i\u00e7i moloz dolgu, d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131). Bu y\u00fczden bug\u00fcn bir toprak y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tap\u0131nak Devrimi:<\/em> Piramidin as\u0131l olay\u0131, \u00f6n\u00fcndeki Cenaze Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/strong>‘d\u0131r. Sahure, tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda ilk kez “Palmiye S\u00fctunlar\u0131” (Palmiform Columns) ve granit zeminler kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Duvarlardaki 10.000 m\u00b2’lik alana yay\u0131lan kabartmalar, kral\u0131 avlan\u0131rken, tanr\u0131larla konu\u015furken ve donanmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netirken g\u00f6sterir. Bu sanatsal kalite, piramidin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc telafi etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dini Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Userkaf gibi Sahure de bir G\u00fcne\u015f Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ra’n\u0131n Tarlas\u0131 (Sekhet-Re):<\/strong> Metinlerde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en bu tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n yeri hen\u00fcz arkeologlar taraf\u0131ndan bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Muhtemelen Abusir civar\u0131nda kumlar\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Miras\u0131<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sahure, yakla\u015f\u0131k 13 y\u0131ll\u0131k saltanat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Abusir’e g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onun miras\u0131, ta\u015ftan da\u011flar de\u011fil, ticaret yollar\u0131 ve sanat eserleridir. M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 i\u00e7ine kapal\u0131 bir tar\u0131m toplumundan, deniz a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ticaret yapan bir “Akdeniz G\u00fcc\u00fc”ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kendisinden sonra tahta 5. Hanedanl\u0131k’\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc krallar\u0131ndan biri olan NEFERIRKARE KAKAI<\/strong> ge\u00e7ecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/mark><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Verner, Miroslav. The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture, and Science of Egypt’s Great Monuments. New York: Grove Press, 2001.
(Sahure’nin Abusir piramidi ve g\u00fcne\u015f tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in detayl\u0131 inceleme; mimari, Ra k\u00fclt\u00fc ve Be\u015finci Hanedan zirvesi yorumlar\u0131.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verner, Miroslav. Abusir: The Realm of Osiris. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2002.
(Abusir nekropol\u00fc ve Sahure kompleksi kaz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in en detayl\u0131 arkeolojik kaynak; g\u00fcne\u015f tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 mimarisi, rit\u00fcelleri ve buluntular.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lehner, Mark. The Complete Pyramids. London: Thames & Hudson, 1997.
(Sahure piramidi ve kompleksi i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 kaynak; Be\u015finci Hanedan piramit k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve g\u00fcne\u015f tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 mimarisi analiz edilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wilkinson, Toby. The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt. New York: Random House, 2010.
(Be\u015finci Hanedan kronolojisi ve Sahure’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in genel bak\u0131\u015f; Ra k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn devlet dini haline gelmesi ve Userkaf-Sahure ge\u00e7i\u015fi.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verner, Miroslav. “The Solar Temple of Sahure at Abusir”. Abusir Reports, Cilt 1-5, Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology, 1990-2000.
(Sahure g\u00fcne\u015f tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 kaz\u0131 raporlar\u0131 serisi; mimari detaylar, Ra rit\u00fcelleri ve dekorasyon i\u00e7in birincil kaynak.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malek, Jaromir. In the Shadow of the Pyramids: Egypt during the Old Kingdom. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1986.
(Be\u015finci Hanedan ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve Sahure d\u00f6nemi mimari\/dini yenilikler i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 inceleme.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baines, John. “Kingship in Ancient Egypt”. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, ed. Ian Shaw, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, s. 95-122.
(Be\u015finci Hanedan krall\u0131k ideolojisi ve Sahure’nin rol\u00fc i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm; Ra k\u00fclt\u00fc ve Horus ad\u0131 sembolizmi.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shafer, Byron E. “Temples, Priests, and Rituals”. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, ed. Ian Shaw, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, s. 246-265.
(Be\u015finci Hanedan Ra tap\u0131naklar\u0131 ve Sahure’nin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuzzolo, Massimiliano. The Fifth Dynasty Sun Temples. Prague: Charles University, 2018.
(Be\u015finci Hanedan g\u00fcne\u015f tap\u0131naklar\u0131 ve Sahure tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine en g\u00fcncel uzman \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; mimari ve dini anlam.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00fck\u00fcm S\u00fcresi: M.\u00d6. 2487 civar\u0131 (5. Hanedanl\u0131k) \u2013 Yakla\u015f\u0131k 12-13 Y\u0131l. Unvanlar: Sahure (“Ra’n\u0131n Yan\u0131na Ula\u015fan”), Nebkhau (“G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc Alt\u0131n Olan”), \u0130ki Diyar\u0131n Kral\u0131. Tarih ve Efsane Sahure, babas\u0131 (veya selefi) Userkaf’\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra tahta \u00e7\u0131kan ve 5. Hanedanl\u0131k’\u0131n en \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kabul edilen firavundur. Onun d\u00f6nemi, M\u0131s\u0131r mimarisinde “Giza Devleri”nden (k\u00fctlesel b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck) vazge\u00e7ilip, **”Abusir Zarafeti”**ne … <\/p>\n

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